Description
A Prized Cosmetic Oil
Macadamia Seed Oil: A Prized South African Crop
Macadamia seed oil is a valuable cosmetic ingredient derived from the seeds of the macadamia nut tree (Macadamia integrifolia and Macadamia tetraphylla). While native to the Australian rainforests, macadamia cultivation has flourished in the warm, humid regions of northeastern South Africa for over a century.
South Africa’s Macadamia Production
The two primary macadamia species were first introduced to South Africa from Australia in the late 1800s. Macadamia trees, members of the Proteaceae family (Garner et al., 2007), quickly adapted to the subtropical climate of the Mpumalanga and KwaZulu-Natal provinces.
As of 2022, South Africa had over 29,000 hectares dedicated to macadamia orchards of these two species, primarily in the northeastern areas. The country is one of the largest global producers of macadamia nuts, accounting for nearly 40% of the world’s supply.
After the tough outer shell naturally cracks upon drying, the nutrient-dense macadamia nut kernel is cold-pressed to extract its valuable oil. This oil is golden-green and has a high smoke point around 216°C.
Macadamia Seed Oil Cosmetic Benefits
Macadamia seed oil contains high monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids like oleic acid (60%) and palmitoleic acid (20%). Its oxidative stability enhances the oil’s cosmetic applications:
Moisturising: The fatty acid profile allows for deep penetration and long-lasting hydration.
Pro-aging: Natural antioxidants like vitamin E help neutralise free radicals that cause premature ageing.
UV Protection: Palmitoleic acid provides a moderate UV screening ability of SPF 6-8.
Hair Treatment: Can penetrate and strengthen hair strands while adding shine and controlling frizz.
Because of its emollient, protective and conditioning properties, macadamia seed oil is widely used in moisturisers, anti-ageing products, hair care formulations and more.
South Africa’s ideal growing conditions have helped establish its macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia and tetraphylla) seed oil as a prized cosmetic ingredient worldwide.
Citation:
Garner, L. C., Muir, B., & Byrne, P. F. (2007). Macadamia: Botany, Production and Uses. CABI.
